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FortiGates with a 5G SIM card and LTE modem support provide critical connectivity options for remote and backup networking. However, issues may arise that affect the functionality of these connections. Troubleshooting using the CLI can help diagnose and resolve such problems effectively.
Troubleshooting 5G SIM Card and LTE Modem Issues:
Log in to the FortiGate using SSH or another remote access method with administrative privileges.
- Collect Modem and SIM Card Information. Use the following commands to gather information about the connected 5G SIM card and LTE modem:
diagnose sys {lte-modem|5g-modem} modem-details
Displays detailed information about the connected LTE modem, including its model, firmware version, and other relevant details.
diagnose sys {lte-modem|5g-modem} sim-info
Provides information about the SIM card inserted into the LTE modem, including ICCID (Integrated Circuit Card Identifier), IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), and other SIM-related details.
diagnose sys {lte-modem|5g-modem} signal-info
Shows signal strength and quality information for the LTE modem, including metrics like RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) and RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
diagnose sys {lte-modem|5g-modem} data-session-info
Displays data traffic statistics for the LTE/5G modem connection:
diagnose sys {lte-modem|5g-modem} traffic-status
Provides details about the active data session on the LTE modem, including IP address assignment and session status.
execute lte-modem wireless-profile list
execute 5g-modem carrier-config list
List the available wireless profiles for the LTE modem, which may include APN (Access Point Name) settings and other wireless configuration parameters.
fnsysctl ifconfig wwan
Displays information about the WWAN (Wireless Wide Area Network) interface, which is often associated with LTE modem connectivity.
- Check Network Connectivity: Use standard networking tools like 'ping' and 'traceroute' to test connectivity from the FortiGate device to external destinations via the 5G SIM card and LTE modem connection. This can help pinpoint where connectivity issues are occurring.
execute ping <destination-ip>
execute traceroute <destination-ip> <----- Replace `<destination-ip>` with the IP address to test connectivity to.
- Enable LTE Debugging. To gather more detailed information for troubleshooting, enable LTE debugging using the following commands:
diagnose debug disable
diagnose debug reset
diagnose debug console time enable
diagnose debug application lted -1
diagnose debug application nr5gd -1
diagnose debug enable
- Monitor LTE Debug Output. Wait for about 5 minutes while the debugging output is generated. During this time, periodically run the following command to view the LTE daemon debug output and gather information about potential issues (needs to be run from global VDOM):
diagnose test application {lted|nr5gd} 9
- Disable LTE Debugging. After collecting sufficient debugging information, disable LTE debugging using the following command:
diagnose debug disable
The following commands can be used to power off and power on the Modem:
execute lte-modem power-off
execute lte-modem power-on
The modem can also be rebooted with the following command:
execute lte-modem reboot
Conclusion:
Troubleshooting 5G SIM card and LTE modem issues on a FortiGate using CLI commands can help identify and resolve various problems that may affect network connectivity. Following these steps and reviewing the relevant information will assist in efficiently diagnosing and addressing connectivity issues.
Always exercise caution when running debugging commands and perform these changes during a maintenance window to minimize disruption to FortiGate operations.
Note:
In 4G and above, the circuit-switched infrastructure is abandoned, and only a packet-switched network is provided.
Note:
If wwan can not get IP, and nr5gd debug shows similar output:
[NR5G_MODEM1]ST_modem_signal_searching(461)-1623: Modem1_SM could not attach to tower
[NR5G_MODEM1]ST_modem_signal_searching(462)-1623: Modem1_SM nas_ps_attach_state:QMI_NAS_DETACHED
[NR5G_MODEM1]ST_modem_signal_searching(463)-1623: Modem1_SM nas_reg_state:QMI_NAS_NOT_REGISTERED
[NR5G_MODEM1]ST_modem_signal_searching(465)-1623: Modem1_SM:Execution {[ST_MODEM_SIGNAL_SEARCHING]} time of state took 192 ms
Try setting carrier-config manually as below and see if it resolves the issue:
config system 5g-modem
config modem1
set carrier-config manual
end
end
execute 5g-modem carrier-config switch 1 <----- Generic PTCRB.
Related article:
Technical Tip: Setting up Access Point Name (APN) on FortiGate 3G4G and 5G devices
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